Computer Programmer Career Specializations
Job titles and descriptions vary depending on the organization. Computer programs are coded into conventional programming languages such as COBOL, artificial intelligence languages such as Prolog or advanced object-oriented languages like Java, C and Smalltalk. Programmers generally know more than one programming language, and since many languages are similar, they're often able to learn new languages easily. Programmers are often referred to by the language they know, such as Java programmers, or by their environment, such as mainframe or database programmers.
Programmers are often grouped into two broad types: Applications programmers, who write programs to handle specific jobs and systems programmers, who write programs to maintain and control computer systems software. Programmers in software development companies may work directly with experts to create software ranging from educational software to games to desktop publishing and spreadsheets. In some organizations, workers commonly known as programmer-analysts conduct both systems analysis and actual programming work.
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